The Yucatán Peninsula is a region of profound paleontological, ecological, and cultural significance. Located in the south east of Mexico adjacent to parts of Belize and Guatemala the Yucatán Peninsula separates the Gulf of Mexico from the Caribbean Sea. Not only are the ancient Mayan cities of Chichén Itzá, Tulum, and Uxmal found on the Yucatán Peninsula but buried under the tropical rainforests, coral reefs and the regions Yucatán Platform of limestone and karst scenery of cenotes or sinkholes is the Chicxulub crater. The Yucatán Peninsula is where the Cretaceous Period abruptly ended with the impact of a large asteroid leading to the extinction event of all non-avian dinosaurs.
Earlier this week astronomers at Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System (ATLAS) part of the NASA’s Planetary Defence Coordination Office (PDCO) alerted the world of a 70-centimetre asteroid heading for Earth before it hit the atmosphere above northern Siberia and burnt up in a fireball. According to NASA the Earth is everyday bombarded with more than 100 tons of dust and sand-sized particles and about once a year a car size hits the atmosphere.
For over 100,000 years before the end of the Cretaceous Period, life on Earth was already challenging. Large amounts of volcanic gas were continuously being released into the atmosphere fuelling a series of temperature extremes, unstable climate conditions and disrupting the food web.
Then 66 million years ago an asteroid named the Chicxulub (pronounced Chic-shu-lube) Impactor measuring over 10 kilometres wide travelled through space, colliding with Earth on the Yucatán Peninsula in the Gulf of Mexico.
The asteroid created the Chicxulub crater measuring 150 kilometres wide and nearly 20 kilometres deep. The impact of the asteroid set off tsunamis, wildfires, and earthquakes across the world and released of billions of tons of dust and gases into the atmosphere, blocking out the sunlight and starting a global winter that would last for several years.
This global winter would trigger the Cretaceous–Paleogene (K–Pg) mass extinction event of the dinosaurs and approximately 75% of all other plants and animal species. The extinction of the dinosaurs was fundamental in giving the ecological opportunity for mammals, including humans to evolve on Earth in the Cenozoic.
The Yucatán Peninsula in Mexico is a captivating travel destination, celebrated for its blend of natural beauty, rich history, and vibrant culture. Nestled between the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea, the region boasts diverse attractions that cater to adventurers, natural history buffs, and relaxation seekers alike.
One of the peninsula’s most iconic features is its Mayan heritage. Visitors can explore ancient archaeological sites such as Chichén Itzá, a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the New Seven Wonders of the World. Tulum offers a stunning coastal setting with its ruins perched on cliffs overlooking turquoise waters, while Uxmal showcases the architectural brilliance of the Puuc style.
For nature enthusiasts, the Yucatán is a tropical paradise. The region is famous for its cenotes—natural sinkholes filled with crystal-clear water—ideal for swimming, snorkeling, or diving. The UNESCO Sian Ka’an Biosphere Reserve meaning “Origin of the Sky" is a haven for biodiversity, with mangroves, coral reefs and wildlife such as the Jaguar, Puma, Ocelot and Central American Tapir.
Meanwhile, the Riviera Maya features pristine beaches, including Playa del Carmen and Isla Holbox, perfect for relaxation or aquatic adventures. Culturally, the Yucatán is a vibrant tapestry of traditions. Its cuisine is a flavourful blend of Mayan and Spanish influences, with dishes like cochinita pibil and panuchos delighting food lovers. The region’s towns, such as Mérida and Valladolid, charm visitors with their colonial architecture, lively markets, and warm hospitality.
Whether exploring ancient geology, enjoying water sports in the Caribbean, or savouring authentic Yucatecan cuisine, the Yucatán Peninsula offers an unforgettable journey. Its unique fusion of history, nature, and culture makes it a must-visit destination for travellers worldwide.
Before Travelling to Mexico
For people travelling on a full “British Citizen” passport from the UK please follow UK government’s travel checklist to understand and advice before travelling to Mexico on the current rules for the most common types of travel.